elizabethan playwrights

Anything you write people will not only see but will talk about for . Describe the life and work of Elizabethan patrons and playwrights.Explain the impact of Elizabethan patrons and playwrights.Lesson Objective: to what extent was the pen mightier than the sword in the reign of Elizabeth I?The lesson resources can be easily adapted for any education system i.e. As can be expected, McCarthys theory has come under close scrutiny by many scholars. The most celebrated playwright of the period was William Shakespeare (1564-1616 CE) whose works were performed at the famous Globe Theatre in London and covered such diverse themes as history, romance, revenge, murder, comedy and tragedy. Elizabethan theatre was also notable for its use of special effects and elaborate stage design. According to Schlueter, the writer was impoverished by the end of his life and may have sold his plays to Shakespeare just to survive. In 1593 he was arrested on the charge of heresy. The most famous Elizabethan Playwright was William Shakespeare. Advertising Notice featuring incest, insanity, accidental murder, on-purpose murder, notable quotes, and a bewildered troupe of actors. He was one of the famous Elizabethan Playwright and together with John Fletcher wrote many comedies and Tragedies between 1606-1613. Theyll say that Philemon and Philicea was the source play for Two Gentlemen of Verona, or Phoenecia was the source play for Much Ado About Nothing. , featuring a brother-sister relationship, poisoned swords, accidental murder, and a heart on the end of a dagger. Ben Jonson loved controversies, both personal and political. The queen actively sponsored artists and playwrights. Playwright & Poet There were also Masques, a type of mime where masked performers sang, danced, and recited poetry, wearing extravagant costumes, and stood before painted scenery. Wiki Commons, SIR PHILIP SIDNEY Choice Board. Other notable Elizabethan playwrights included Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and Thomas Kyd. William Shakespeare as Poet The greatest dramatist Shakespeare was also a great poet of this age who wrote around 130 sonnets and they are very famous in English literature. Everyone agrees with that. | READ MORE. As early as 1623 CE, for example, 36 of William Shakespeare's plays were collected together in print in the First Folio. He was the son of a Master Bricklayer. William produced on average two plays every year, writing 37 in all. Who was the most popular playwright in Shakespeares time? Trivia: Chapman was scammed by a man who promised him a loan. Finally, towns across England had long funded public shows, which involved musicians, acrobats, and jesters, and these continued even as theatre became popular. Writers and playwrights working in the same era as Shakespeare included Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Middleton, John Webster, Ben Jonson and Thomas Dekker. Norths translations of Dial of Princes and Plutarchs Parallel Lives contain extended metaphors echoed in the Shakespeare history play. (c.1553-1606) Play of note: The Knight of the Burning Pestle, featuring a bumbling knight errant, interrupting audience members, and copious amounts of sexual innuendo. Some of the most important playwrights come from the Elizabethan era, including William Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, and Christopher Marlowe. Accomplished actors, of course, made a name for themselves in the new genre. where a blind eye was turned to the raucous nature of Elizabethan entertainment tastes which included bear-baiting! As fellow author Ben Johnson noted in his preface to First Folio, the star of Elizabethan theatre was "not of an age, but for all time" (Wagner, 275). On September 22nd, 1598, when he was an (angry) young man of twenty-six, Jonson, a former bricklayer, encountered a young actor named Gabriel Spencer. Kyd died later that year at the age of 35 and was buried on 15 August in St Mary Colechurch, London. Shakespeare used source plays, he says. Web. Weekly on Saturdays, Feb 11 - Mar 25, 2023. featuring an actor who plays a dog and a woman who, wrongly accused of witchcraft, must turn to it in order to survive. North may have also written his own plays, some of which may have been produced by Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, in an attempt to woo Elizabeth I. Further, as theatres developed so actors and playwrights were freed from the obligations and restrictions that sponsorship by nobles brought. Damon and Pithias (1571), Introduction to John Lyly Who is the greatest poet of Elizabethan poets? In addition to plays and sonnets, the Elizabethan period was also a time of great innovation in prose writing. You awaken from the keys of an Underwood Typewriter in a NYC apartment during the year 1921. Cookie Policy How Shakespeare got his hands on Norths plays is still unknown. The plays of famous playwrights of this era were modeled on Revenge was the popular theme of drama during this Era. Wrote The Spanish Tragedy However, according to writer John Aubrey, Jonson was not a. featuring greedy and jealous Italian noblemen, disguises, and trickery. This session introduces students to the Elizabethan Era, and its' key playwrights and players. In the diary, North describes statues by Renaissance artist Giulio Romano as lifelike and extraordinary. At the end of The Winters Tale, Shakespeare, who is not known to have traveled to Italy or studied sculptures from that period, includes similar references to the artwork and artist. This was also the time during which Elizabethan theatre grew, and many playwrights composed plays that changed the face of Englands theatre. Drawing on others' work to create one's own was common in the Elizabethan era, with fellow playwrights Ben Jonson and Christopher Marlowe, among others, following suit. Alone among the playwrights of the Elizabethan period, only John Fletcher was brave enough, and creative enough, to write a critical reply to one of his colleague's popular, but deeply flawed, works. Christopher Marlowe was the son of an impoverished cobbler. Wrote The Faerie Queene This paper is devoted to the analysis of theatre conventions of Elizabethan drama, namely structure and thematic content of plays, the role of troupes and actors, and peculiarities of set design and costumes, among others. Play of note: The Changeling, featuring a woman who, in order to get out of a marriage, has a suitor kill her fiance. Midas(1590), Introduction to Christopher Marlowe The Spanish Tragedy is one of the most famous plays of the Elizabethan Times. Behind the stage was a gallery which could seat more viewers or be used as an important part of the play (e.g. Ben Jonson was born on 11 June 1572. Gorboduc (aka Ferrex and Porrex)(1561) Gammer Gurtons Needle (1562-4?) Why would you be out-of-your-mind enraged at this idea that this person had a name and his name was Thomas North?, The lack of irrefutable evidence means the debate will likely continue in academic circles for years to come. The qualities which especially distinguish the Elizabethan poetry especially lyrics are fluency, sweetness, melody, and an enthusiastic joy in life, all spontaneous, direct, and exquisite. Cartwright, Mark. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout, Merlot II, OER Commons and School Library Journal. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. This has been a big Shakespeare mystery for many, many years.. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. The men most likely knew each other, though, and several documents reference a possible meeting between the two. He received his Bachelors degree in Arts in 1584. Shakespeare continues to be read across the world, of course, and his works continue to interest modern filmmakers. The White Devil, based on the assassination of the Italian noblewoman Vittoria Accoramboni, follows the illicit affair between Vittoria and the Duke Bracciano, with their actions resulting in an epic and bloody . One famous figure was the comic actor Richard Tarlton (d. 1588 CE) who was also a court jester who made Elizabeth I titter until his jokes went too far and ridiculed some of her noble favourites. To get the plays finished in a short amount of time, playwrights would join together to come up with ideas, plots, and characters that would please the audience. Even the most popular plays were only performed a handful of times each year as theatres strived to entertain regular theatre-goers. The two passages are so strikingly similar that both McCarthy and Blanding believe the only explanation is that Shakespeare used Norths journal as his source material. 13 Classic American Playwrights You Should Know, 10 Great Shakespearean Monologues for Women, 10 Great Shakespearean Monologues for Men, Theatre in Film: Waiting for Guffman (1996). He was baptised in the church of St. Mary Woolnoth, in the Lombard Street, London. The First Playhouses and First Playwrights Following Shakespeares footsteps, he wrote numeral plays and became one of the most prolific writers of his times. This store is PCI Compliant, Please log in to begin your shopping experience. Elizabethan Playwright Crossword Clue The crossword clue Elizabethan playwright with 3 letters was last seen on the January 01, 2005. Elizabethan theatre witnessed the first professional actors who belonged to touring troupes and who performed plays of blank verse with entertaining non-religious themes. However, according to writer John Aubrey, Jonson was not a successful actor. After a short term in prison, Jonson soon found himself back in confinement after he killed an actor in an argument. Tamburlaine the Great, The Jew Of Malta. The Other Elizabethan Playwrights. Jonson also went to jail for killing Gabriel Spenser in a duel. Led by Bruce Hatton Boyer . Who were some of the major playwrights during the Elizabethan era? The theatre got its name from the globe on its roof, which carried the legend in Latin of Shakespeare's famous line 'All the world's a stage.' Was Shakespearean Elizabethan playwright? Privacy Statement One important influence was Christopher Marlowe. Play of note: The Witch of Edmonton, featuring an actor who plays a dog and a woman who, wrongly accused of witchcraft, must turn to it in order to survive. These conventions will be studied on the basis of the plays created by three leading playwrights of the Elizabethan era . His plays include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, The Tempest, Comedy of Errors, Julius Ceaser, Henry VII among others. Elizabethan literature, body of works written during the reign of Elizabeth I of England (1558-1603), probably the most splendid age in the history of English literature, during which such writers as Sir Philip Sidney, Edmund Spenser, Roger Ascham, Richard Hooker, Christopher Marlowe, and William Shakespeare flourished 3: Context Clues. Tarlton's most famous character was a little Chaplinesque: a small man with baggy trousers and carrying a large stick. Shakespeare studies are full of people who are very, very clear about the shape of the things that we have lost, she says. Ben Jonson, the favourite playwright of King James and one of the most popular writes of the 16th century had a lasting impact on the English comedy and drama in general. This allowed for a more intimate experience between the actors and the audience. Subtitle: A True Chronicle, Called War Hath Made All Friends. He first observed similarities between the playwrights while studying how Hamlet, which started out as a Scandinavian legend, made its way from Denmark to England. Doctor Faustus (the B text) (1589-1592) In the 1570s CE, religious play cycles were also banned. 85 Those travels may also explain . Turns out, Ben Jonson, the renowned Elizabethan playwright and the first poet laureate of England, was a murderer. Wrote at least 6 plays Your registration has been updated. Though Schlueter acknowledges that most of Norths works are lost to time, she says enough references to them appear in other sources to substantiate their context. He is counted amongst the 10 famous playwrights of England. Rising to a height of 12 metres (40 ft.) and measuring 24 metres (80 ft.) across, inside were three tiers of seating providing a capacity of around 2,000. Elizabethan theatre was also notable for its use of special effects and elaborate stage design. Some of the most significant themes in the Elizabethan sonnet sequences include love, time, the value of writing, and the eternalization of beauty. Wiki Commons, ROBERT GREENE Around 12 actors could perform on the stage at any one time. Turns out, Ben Jonson, the renowned Elizabethan playwright and the first poet laureate of England, was a murderer. Also, lots of movies and television shows are based on plays from this time. Who started theatre? An email redemption code has been sent to the receiver. Edmund Ironside (1590?) Author: Unknown. It was an age considered to be the height of the English Renaissance and saw the full flowering of English literature and English poetry. Theatre was, therefore, just one of the media she used to project her own glory and that of her family, the Tudors. Doctor Faustus (the A text) (1589-1592) Smithsonian magazine participates in affiliate link advertising programs. Marlowe was also a well-known atheist. The play was a smash hit and told the epic tale of Timur, the founder of the Timurid Empire in central Asia (1370-1507 CE). Plays like The Magnetic Lady and The Sad Shepherd aligned with the romantic trend of plays. The Globe Theatre, for example, had to be rebuilt in 1614 CE when a cannon shot fired during a performance for dramatic effect set fire to the thatch roof. Ford had a strong interest in abnormal psychology and melancholia, a trait that is often seen in his dramatic works. He developed a new form of sonnet called the English sonnet or the Shakespearean sonnet, which rhyme abab cdcd efef gg. Title: Edmund Ironside. The plays are usually divided into four groups and illustrate the broad scope of Elizabethan theatre in general. Who was the most famous Elizabethan playwright and author? It lasted from the accession of Queen Elizabeth I to the throne in 1558 until her death in 1603. Who were the playwrights of the Elizabethan era? Fletchers plays included The Faithful Shepherdess (c.1609), historical tragedy Bonduca (1614), the comedies The Chances (c.1617), an adaptation from Cervantes, The Tamer Tamed, adaptation of Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew, (1624), a political drama, The Loyal Subject (1618), and a tragedy, Valentinian (1610-1614). , featuring a play-within-a-play, letters written in blood, and revenge murder. One of these investors was William Shakespeare, and he and other actors and playwrights shared half of the profits from the theatre while the other half went to pay secondary actors, musicians, costumes, and maintenance costs. Thomas Kyd was an English Playwright baptised on 6th November 1588 and died on 15th August 1594. The new book North by Shakespeare examines the link between the Bard of Avon and Sir Thomas North. Webster is best known for his two macabre tragedies based on real-life events in Italy. William Shakespeare Who was the most famous playwright during the Elizabethan era? In 1606, Webster wrote a Christmas play in collaboration with Thomas Dekker called. He went on to write over 30 plays, including Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and Macbeth. Tamburlaine the Great, Part One(1586-7) Multi-talented, Tarlton co-founded the Queen's Men company and wrote many successful plays, his most popular being Seven Deadly Sins (1585 CE). He is also ajournalist, freelance writer and book reviewer who lives in Plymouth, Massachusetts. He was a great playwright and also a poet. It was the Theatre, though, which was to become world-famous, especially after 1599 CE when it was relocated to the south bank of the River Thames and given a new name: the Globe Theatre. Other Works ' crossing ' means one lot of letters goes inside another (to cross can mean to go over or around). The pattern of performance plays was set and would remain in place right up to the present day. His first known play is "Titus Andronicus" (1589-1593), but his most famous works are probably "Hamlet", "Macbeth", "Romeo and Juliet", and many others where he used blank verse, better known as iambic pentameter - a rhythm of five beats to each line. More Info On- Elizabethan Theatre Facts, Elizabethan Drama, Famous Elizabethan Period Playwrights and Plays, Famous Elizabethan Era Dramatists and Playwrights, English dramatist Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593), Playwrights Francis Beaumont (1584 1616) and John Fletcher(1579 1625), Famous Elizabethan Period Playwrights and Plays. But the kinds of borrowing of words and phrases we see as parallels in this book have not until now been seen as hints at a more thorough rewriting of a lost text. Some 800 play scripts survive from the 16th and 17th century CE, although this is only a small proportion of those produced at the time. In 1605, Beaumont wrote commendatory verses to Jonsons Volpone. His revolutionary ideas, which upend a long-held belief of the Bard as a brilliant but singular playwright, have generally been met with cynicism and downright scorn. Edmund Ironside remains the only extant play of several that were thought to have been written about the Viking invasions which transpired around Towards the end of Elizabeth's reign playwrights were developing new themes and techniques which led to the distinctive Jacobean theatre with its more crusty, violent plays that focused on the human being's capacity for selfishness, dramatised in in-depth representations of ambition and its effects. The first of the plays Fletcher wrote in collaboration with Beaumont was The Woman-Hater (1607), but their most famous play was the tragic-comedy Knight of the Burning Pestle (1607) in which Beaumont and Fletcher, influenced by Cervantes, made fun of knight-errantry, heroic domestic drama, like Julius Ceaser, and the heroic verse of Shakespeare. In both forms the dramas of the time show a cynical and pessimistic outlook on life. What are the reasons for the rise and development of Elizabethan drama? ROBERT GREENE (1558-1592) Author, Playwright & Poet Wrote Greene's Groats-Worth Of Wit Many other prose works Some plays and poems It is generally agreed that the Elizabethan age, along with the golden age of Athens, forms the world's great period of dramatic writing. Its not something I discovered. As with the interludes, the earliest Elizabethan plays were put on for university students. Playwright Thomas Kyd, author of a very successful and popular revenge tragedy, was arrested in the wake of government anger about what is now known as the Dutch Church libel; a poem, written in the style of his former room-mate, Christopher Marlowe, which had been posted on the wall of a church frequented by Huguenot immigrants. Crucially, then, the establishment of theatres meant that previously travelling actors could now form a more solid financial base which allowed them to produce more plays and give them a much higher production value. Then the cardinals having a cross borne before them, and every cardinal his several pillar borne next before himself; The texts sentence structure directly parallels the stage directions for a scene in Shakespeares Henry VIII: Enter two vergers with short silver wands; next them, two Scribes, in the habit of doctors; after them, Canterbury alone Next them, with some small distance follows a Gentleman bearing a cardinals hat; then two priests, bearing each a silver cross; then two gentlemen bearing two great silver pillars; after them, side by side, Cardinal Wolsey and Cardinal Campeius. Wrote The Arcadia A list of Playwright-related questions. Another change was that now plays had extended runs with the same performance being repeated each day, a development that actors with short memories must have greatly welcomed. Local residents were often not happy to have a theatre in their neighbourhood because of the noise and low class-associations with such a venue; this was one of the reasons why the Theatre was moved to become the Globe Theatre. 1: Playwrights & Players. Perhaps one of the most obvious examples of the connection between the two comes from Richard II. The first purpose-built permanent theatre was established in London in 1576 CE and others quickly followed so that drama simply to entertain became a booming industry. The Elizabethan period covers the second half of the sixteenth century when Queen Elizabeth I occupied the English throne. Even in the case of a playwright as successful as Shakespeare, his name was not valued enough as a selling point to appear on the title pages of his published plays until relatively late in his. The Elizabethan Theatre V: Papers given at the Fifth International Conference Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. World History Encyclopedia. Medieval England had witnessed the performance of morality plays and mystery plays, there were even dramas performed by actors during religious ceremonies and holidays. Thomas Kyd (1558-1594) was an influential Elizabethan playwright whose most famous plays include The Spanish Tragedy and The Tragedy of Soliman and Perseda. The Elizabethan period saw these public performers become a professional body of entertainers. , featuring a bumbling knight errant, interrupting audience members, and copious amounts of sexual innuendo. His most popular plays include A Midsummer Night's Dream (c. 1596 CE) which revolves around the wedding of the Greek hero Theseus and the Amazon Hippolyte, Henry V (1599 CE) which includes a fictionalised version of that king's rousing speech at the Battle of Agincourt of 1415 CE, Hamlet (c. 1601 CE) which tells the revenge of the Danish prince of that name against his evil uncle, and Macbeth (1606 CE), titled after the Scottish king who descends into madness after embarking on a rampage of murder. History of Britain from Roman times to Restoration era. He was considered as the foremost Elizabethan tragedist, next to William Shakespeare, known for his blank verse and his overreaching protagonists. was a monumental success at the Globe Theatre and at Blackfriars. Some of the most famous Elizabethan playwrights include William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and Ben Jonson. Author, Playwright, Poet His first play was Dido. We care about our planet! The item Elizabethan playwrights: a short history of the English drama from mediaeval times to the closing of the theaters in 1642. represents a specific, individual, material embodiment of a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Indiana State Library. Six sessions, $255 ($230 for Newberry members, seniors, and students) No class on February 18th. If all these plays of Norths are lost, its impossible to prove.. He was a famous English Playwright and Poet of the Jacobean Tradition. Many other prose works Elizabethan Playwrights. The last known about the famous playwright is the publication ofCorneliaearly in 1594. Other notable Elizabethan playwrights included Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and Thomas Kyd. The Privy . Cite This Work Another strong example is presented in an original excerpt from Norths Journal, which describes a gathering witnessed during his recent trip to Rome: After them followed two, carrying each of them. He studied from The Kings School in Canterbury and then went to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. This first collaboration formulated into a very close friendship, so close, in fact, that John Aubrey reported that they even shared their clothes. At the Newberry. John Fletcher was a Jacobean Playwright. Campaspe(1580-1) (c.1552-1599) Who are some famous playwrights from the Elizabethan era? The most famous Elizabethan Playwright was William Shakespeare. But for such an innovation the Elizabethan poets and playwrights were probably responsible - a topic which we must consider in another chapter. Two years later he joined Chamberlain's Men and then, as mentioned above, became an important member of the Globe Theatre's permanent staff, a position he held throughout his writing career. the other very famous Elizabethan playwrights were: Christopher Marlow (1564 - 1593) Francis Beaumont (1584 - 1616) John Fletcher (1579 - 1625) Videos History of English Literature : Elizabethan Age & Renaissance in Hindi It was the peak of the English Renaissance and saw the blossoming of English poetry, music and literature. Elizabethan Playwrights - A Short History of the English Drama from Mediaeval Times to the Closing of the Theaters in 1642 book. Called 'Leicester's Men' they gained their license in 1574 CE and toured the country's stately homes giving performances. Language Difficulty Rating: 4 (generally not difficult). In his works, North likens kingdoms to land with fertile soil: They bringeth forth both wholesome / herbs and also noisome weeds. To ensure the healthy plants survival, one must cut / off the superfluous branches., Shakespeare penned similar lines for the gardener in Richard II, who tells a servant to Go thou, and like an executioner, / Cut off the heads of too fast growing sprays, / That look too lofty in our commonwealth. He then states his intention to go root away / The noisome weeds which without profit suck / The soils fertility from wholesome flowers., Reflecting on the deposed kings wasted potential, the gardener adds, O, what pity is it that he failed to lop off the superfluous branches [so] that bearing boughs may live. Norths Dial, for its part, also uses the phrase O, what pity is it.. Several Poems Submitted by Mark Cartwright, published on 12 June 2020. Beaumont worked on it extensively and it was a collection of total 35 plays. It was the peak of the English Renaissance and saw some great English poetry, music and literature. Elizabethan Era Famous Playwrights and Their Plays The 'Elizabethan Plays and Playwrights' were very famous during the Elizabethan Era. They even satirized the audience; especially those who liked to sit in front and interfere with the play. (1558-1592) It sparked a taste for tragicomedy between the two playwrights. Arden of Feversham (1592) When a new wave of the Black Death plague hit London in 1592 CE, all theatres were closed for a year. William Shakespeare [1564 - 1616] - Elizabethan Literature. Trivia: In 1606, Webster wrote a Christmas play in collaboration with Thomas Dekker called Christmas Comes but Once a Year. Especially Puritans and officers of the Church of England considered actors to be of questionable characters and condemned playwrights . Cookie Settings, Illustration by Meilan Solly / Photos via Wikimedia Commons under public domain, North by Shakespeare: A Rogue Scholar's Quest for the Truth Behind the Bard's Work, Ancient DNA Charts Native Americans Journeys to Asia Thousands of Years Ago, Catch a Glimpse of a Rare Green Comet This Month, Ancient DNA Reveals a Genetic History of the Viking Age, See the Face of a Neolithic Man Who Lived in Jericho 9,500 Years Ago, How an Unorthodox Scholar Uses Technology to Expose Biblical Forgeries. A lot of the time their reactions are comically hostile, McCarthy says with a laugh. Below is an overview of Shakespeare's contemporaries - those key figures who were writing at the same time as Shakespeare. World History Encyclopedia, 12 Jun 2020. Play of note: Volpone, featuring greedy and jealous Italian noblemen, disguises, and trickery. Why and How Did Shakespeare Invent Words. This concern led to petitions being sent to mayors who then lobbied Members of Parliament to restrict the theatre performances. Fletchers collaboration with Beaumont lasted from 1607 until the latters death in 1616. hello friends, i hope you like this video. The Jew of Malta (1589-1590) Other towns soon followed the fashion and acquired theatres, too; early adopters being Bath, Bristol, Norwich, and York. , featuring a scholar who makes a deal with the devil, and then is carried off by demons at the end of the play. What was Elizabethan theatre based on? Play of note: Tis Pity Shes a Whore, featuring a brother-sister relationship, poisoned swords, accidental murder, and a heart on the end of a dagger. The Elizabethan Stage And Playwrights < Prev Chapter. The new theatre was not without its critics. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. Ten days after Marlowes arrest on 18 May 1593 on allegations of blasphemy, he was stabbed to death by Ingram Frizer. In 1602, he wrote the poemSalmacis and Hermaphroditus, this was a voluminous and voluptuous work on the Ovidian Legend. William Shakespeare has become one of the most celebrated authors in any language. 12 Elizabethan and Jacobean Playwrights You Should Know : PerformerStuff More Good Stuff It appears that you are outside of North America. Other Poems A lot of the wonderful plays that are performed today came from this Renaissance period. Medieval kings were also a popular subject, as seen in the plays of William Shakespeare. Elizabethan Classics written by famous authors and playwrights such as Shakespeare, Fletcher, Marlow & Beaumont Picture of the Globe Theatre Elizabethan Classics Elizabethan Classics This was the golden era of Elizabethan Classics. Jonson was not yet an established playwright, having had his play Every Man in .

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