things named after benedict arnold

Some historians suggested an Arnold liaison in New Brunswick, but Canadian historian Barry Wilson noted the weakness of this traditional account. During the Revolutionary War, West Point was known as Fort Arnold, but after Benedict Arnold's betrayal, it became known as Fort Clinton. [113] Other attempts all failed to gain positions within the government or the British East India Company over the next few years, and he was forced to subsist on the reduced pay of non-wartime service. Arnold's childhood was marred by tragedy; by age 20, he was an orphan struggling to make his way in the world as an apothecary. After his leg healed, Benedict Arnold was named Military Governor of Philadelphia. Arnold was born in Connecticut. Arnold's role in the war was controversial, with some supporting his actions and others supporting the Patriots. [50] There he participated in the first recorded Oath of Allegiance, along with many other soldiers, as a sign of loyalty to the United States.[51]. [1][7] Arnold was the fourth surviving member of his family named after his great-grandfather Benedict Arnold I, an early governor of the Colony of Rhode Island; his grandfather (Benedict Arnold II) and father, as well as an older brother who died in infancy, were also named for the colonial governor. He then presented the attack of Fort Ticonderoga. In the winter of 1782, he and Peggy moved to London, England. Phillips led further raids across Virginia, including a defeat of Baron von Steuben at Petersburg, but he died of fever on May 12, 1781. The Hudson River Chain today In 1763, he repaid money that he had borrowed from the Lathrops,[17] repurchased the family homestead that his father had sold when deeply in debt, and re-sold it a year later for a substantial profit. Many historians see her as having facilitated Arnold's plans to switch sides; he opened secret negotiations with her friend Andr, and she relayed their messages to each other. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It is impossible to say when 37-year-old Benedict Arnold first met 18-year-old Peggy Shippen, but we do know that on September 25, 1778, he wrote her a love lettermuch of it an exact copy of . [a][133] Historical markers in Danvers, Massachusetts, and Newburyport, MA commemorate Arnold's 1775 expedition to Quebec. Arnold died in London at the age of 60. She was a close friend of British major John Andr and kept in contact with him when he became head of the British espionage system in New York. Angry and frustrated, Arnold resigned his military command of Philadelphia in late April. Peggy Shippen, or Margaret Shippen (July 11, 1760 - August 24, 1804), was the second wife of General Benedict Arnold (following Margaret Mansfield, who died in 1775). [113] George Johnstone turned him down for a position in the East India Company and explained: "Although I am satisfied with the purity of your conduct, the generality do not think so. Benedict Arnold's name might be the first that comes to mind when we think of treason not just because he was a traitor, but because he was such an unlikely one. He proposed an action to the Massachusetts Committee of Safety to seize Fort Ticonderoga in upstate New York, which he knew was poorly defended. He did, however, investigate its extent, and suggested that he was willing to exchange Andr for Arnold during negotiations with Clinton concerning Andr's fate. The America. Despite his popularity and battlefield prowess, Benedict Arnold eventually broke bad. "Whom Can We Trust Now? Background. [41], Arnold was on his way to Philadelphia to discuss his future when he was alerted that a British force was marching toward a supply depot in Danbury, Connecticut. [16] He was hardworking and successful, and was able to rapidly expand his business. He then directed the construction of a fleet to defend Lake Champlain, which was overmatched and defeated in the October 1776 Battle of Valcour Island. Benedict Arnold was born a British subject, the second of six children of his father Benedict Arnold III (16831761) and Hannah Waterman King in Norwich, Connecticut, on January 14, 1741. Benedict Arnold was unhappy with his position in the Continental Army by the time he betrayed the cause of the American Revolution to the British. [43], Arnold arrived in Schuyler's camp at Fort Edward, New York, on July 24. July 27] 1742 - June 19, 1786) was an American military officer and planter who served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.He emerged from the war with a reputation as one of George Washington's most talented and dependable officers, and is known for his successful command in the Southern theater of the conflict. Arnold and Wemyss faced similar situations but created different legaciesWemyss "served with distinction during the war" but became a footnote in history; Arnold lost the respect of people on all sides of the Revolution and his name became synonymously linked to treason. A figure climbed down from the larger sloop, into the boat and quietly made his way up the Hudson River. British reinforcements arrived in late March led by William Phillips who served under Burgoyne at Saratoga. [73] By October 1779, the negotiations had ground to a halt. [3] Arnold was buried at St. Mary's Church in Battersea, England. Arnold's letters continued to detail Washington's troop movements and provide information about French reinforcements that were being organized. In April of 1775, after learning about the conflicts at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts, Arnold organized his men in preparation for a march to Cambridge to aid in the fight against the British . [37] He also had disagreements with John Brown and James Easton, two lower-level officers with political connections that resulted in ongoing suggestions of improprieties on his part. He was named after his great-grandfather Benedict Arnold who was once governor of the colony of Connecticut. However, his actions at Saint-Jean and Valcour Island played a notable role in delaying the British advance against Ticonderoga until 1777. Arnold benefited from his relationship with Mansfield, who became a partner in his business and used his position as sheriff to shield him from creditors. [111] He renewed that request when he learned of the surrender, which Clinton then granted. For a time, he was a successful businessman, but after yellow fever took the lives of three of the Arnold children, the patriarch was devastated. The fourth niche is pointedly empty. Again he tried to resign, but in July he accepted a government order to help stem the British advance into upper New York. To raise money, he violated several state and military regulations, arousing the suspicions and, finally, the denunciations of Pennsylvanias supreme executive council. 2. Together, they won the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga, America's first victory in the Revolutionary War. Historians have identified many possible factors contributing to Arnold's treason, while some debate their relative importance. What does it mean to call someone a Benedict Arnold? His grandfather, after whom he was named, was one of the founders of the Rhode Island colony, but Arnold's father was the opposite of the upstanding Benedict Arnold I. Peggy's Childhood Peggy was the daughter of Edward Shippen and born into a prominent Philadelphia family. On May 9, Franklin introduced Stansbury to Major Andr, who had just been named the British spy chief. When Arnold learned the following morning that Andr had been caught and that . The arched, double-door main entrance provided a stately, picturesque quality to the home. He was convicted of disorderly conduct and fined the relatively small amount of 50 shillings; publicity of the case and widespread sympathy for his views probably contributed to the light sentence. Before anyone spouts off about me being a 'libtard' I am a conservative. [142] His descendants are spread across Canada, most of all those of John Sage, who adopted the Arnold surname. As a young man, Arnold. [6] In December 1780, he led a force of 1,600 troops into Virginia under orders from Clinton, where he captured Richmond by surprise and then went on a rampage through Virginia, destroying supply houses, foundries, and mills. Lee Moran. Major-General Nathanael Greene (August 7 [O.S. While en route to West Point, Arnold renewed an acquaintance with Joshua Hett Smith, who had spied for both sides and who owned a house near the western bank of the Hudson about 15 miles south of West Point. Promoted to the rank of brigadier general, Arnold constructed a flotilla on Lake Champlain and inflicted severe losses on a greatly superior enemy fleet near Valcour Island, New York (October 11, 1776). "Arnold, Benedict (17411801)". Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [84], Arnold next wrote a series of letters to Clinton, even before he might have expected a response to the July 7 letter. [58] She married Arnold on April 8, 1779. Once the former Revolutionary War hero . Before his name became synonymous with treason, Benedict Arnold was a bonafide hero of the American Revolutionary War. This monument was erected under the patronage of the State of Connecticut in the 55th year of the Independence of the U.S.A. in memory of the brave patriots massacred at Fort Griswold near this spot on the 6th of Sept. He performed operations that provided the Americans with relief during the Siege of Fort Stanwix, and key actions during the pivotal 1777 Battles of Saratoga, in which he sustained leg injuries that put him out of combat career for several years. [103] The anti-war Whigs had gained the upper hand in Parliament, and Germain was forced to resign, with the government of Lord North falling not long after. Two months later he repelled a British attack on Danbury, Connecticut, and was made a major general, but his seniority was not restored and Arnold felt his honour impugned. At first, he asked for indemnification of his losses and 10,000,[b] an amount that the Continental Congress had given Charles Lee for his services in the Continental Army. [134] Social historian Brian Carso notes that, as the 19th century progressed, the story of Arnold's betrayal was portrayed with near-mythical proportions as a part of the national history. Troops were liberally distributed within Arnold's command area (but only minimally at West Point itself) or furnished to Washington on request. When American leaders discovered the plot, Arnold fled. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-Arnold, American Battlefield Trust - Biography of Benedict Arnold, Dictionary of Canadian Biography - Biography of Benedict Arnold, The Washington Library Center for Digital History - Biography of Benedict Arnold, United States History - Biography of Benedict Arnold, Benedict Arnold - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Benedict Arnold - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Benedict Arnold: meeting with Maj. John Andr. Arnold resigned his Military command of Philadelphia in late April into the boat and made... ] his descendants are spread across Canada, most of all those of John Sage, who just!, they won the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga, America & # x27 ; libtard & # ;... 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